Along the coast, the average precipitation is about 2,000mm to 3,000mm. Many marine communities are surrounded by mangrove forests, mostly in the upper intertidal zones. Increasing population in small communities had also led to the reclamation of coastal areas to create room for the construction of houses to accommodate more people. The fishing business of the residents of the community has gone pear-shaped since the land reclamation activity has begun. "The oil industry in Nigeria is so corrupt that even locals get scammed. mangrove wetlands. The development of the Eko Atlantic City is being done in collaboration between Lagos state government and the organised private sector that is responsible for the funding of the project. More often the wealthy and highly placed people in the society purchase and develop coastal areas, by building residential mansions, hotels and sea-side resorts. The cost of land appreciates and has no depreciative value. There are also some burrowing organisms that dig into shore sand. White mangroves grow upland while red mangroves grow at the sea shore, so when the former dominate it shows increase in anthropogenic activities. On the Ejigbo development, Dr. Salako pledged to stop the project, stressing that anyone who reclaims, sand-fill or dredges land in the state without clearance from the ministry of the waterfront is doing it illegally. The region is predominantly lowland that stretches northward along both banks of Rivers Niger and Benue from the coast. Homogeneous ideals such as customs, educational goals, and occupational goals all make up segregation. Public Law 95-87 requires that the AML section reclaim . Another resident, Owowole Ayante, appealed to the dredging company to halt further project work on the site until a channel is created, adding that this would make members of the community to be able to navigate their boats into the lagoon to fish. Dredging and sand filling activity removes the benthic species community. Rural areas, which consist mostly of low-density grid cells (<300 inhabitants per km 2 ). 3:02 am. But in most cases no proper EIA or landscape assessment is carried out [5]. Before coastal lands are to be acquired proper environmental impact assessment (EIA) studies need to be conducted to develop proper management plan aimed at forestalling loss and extinction of common and rare species. Gabriel Martinelli starred as Arsenal moved five points clear at the top of the Premier League with a 4-0 rout of struggling Everton on Wednesday. Ten waters (8 surface and 2 groundwater sources), 10 soil samples and air were collected and taken for analysis. Lagos - 8,048,430 Lagos is one of earth's largest urban areas. Mangroves are regarded as land forming organisms [10]. At about 345 people per square mile, it is also the most densely populated country in Africa. In Nigeria reclaimed land is used to build residential quarters, road network, vegetation pro- duction, grazing, recreation, shopping complex and refuse disposal site. Leakage of diesel oil from heavy duty machines such as bulldozers and trucks also pollutes the soil. The proposed reclamation in Penang island is reflective of a market-driven redevelopment - a common global trend which aims to transform any disorderly and substandard areas into modern, organised urban spaces fit for capital accumulation. Loss of trees leads to increased soil erosion and increased sedimentation of river. It should be noted that land reclamation activity is not a contemporary practice in Lagos, it is an age-long practice that is dated to the 60's in Nigeria's economic capital. When reclamation is done without engineering specification or advice, you see disorderliness in the land use.. Permits are issued by DEC for annual terms of up to five years and may be renewed. This could lead to the death of soil dwelling organisms. It was proposed in 2018 and scheduled to be completed in 2025, but the $600 billion project wouldn't have residents moving in until 2032 when housing construction is complete. It is noteworthy that Songo International Business District also in South Korea which is reputed to be the largest private development in the country is built on a reclaimed land in the area of Incheon waterfront. The results of the physico-chemical analysis and the species abundance test were derived as shown in Figure 9. Licensee IntechOpen. Evacuation of the tree stumps lead to the loss of many soil organisms from their habitat. A study found land-reclamation projects shrank the number of mangroves in Tubli Bay, off Bahrain's east coast. Examples of Land Reclamation The business district of Cebu City in the Philippines, Most of the coastline of the bustling Indian city of Mumbai, the Barceloneta area in Barcelona, Spain and Battery Park City in Manhattan, New York are all prominent examples of reclaimed land. The palms are to be bulldozed with swamp buggies, mangrove top soil exported and seedlings planted to start a pioneer species in a mangrove protected area where no landscape reclamation activity occurs (Figure 10). Luloff, James C. Finley and Donald G. Hodges. Like other Atlantic Cities in some parts of the world, Eko Atlantic is constructed to be a citadel of infrastructural development because it is designed to create over 250,000 new jobs and address housing deficit. During clearing heavy machinery fell trees. The scouring of the river bottom crushes and destroys a lot of organisms such as shell and non-shell fish community in that location. Simplicity and transparency. Morewood Property after reclamation, now a golf course. The deadline for the reclamation activity is 2022. This could lead to the contamination of soil surface and ground water, disruption of fishing activities and decrease in aesthetic value of the environment. Government Notices and Plans Issued by Lands Department for Land Acquisition and Foreshore and Seabed Reclamation (Since 2 January 2009) Note: The Gazette Plans can also be inspected by public free of charge at the offices as specified under the respective Government Notices or be purchased at the Lands Department Map Sales Outlets. Land reclamation has been a common practice to produce valuable land in coastal areas. These are commonly flooding because there is no shelter bay to take the runoff from the land areas. Intertidal areas, which are above water lines, are more often the site for reclamation. The governments position was contained in a statement jointly signed by the Commissioner for Physical Planning and Urban Development, Dr. Idris Salako and his counterpart in the Ministry of Waterfront Infrastructure Development, Kabiru Ahmed Abdullahi. The economy is all about the desire for resources and land. The plants growing on the sand fill area are between 0.5m and 1.0m tall. Population increase has led to the migration of people towards the coastal locations. For instance, Singapore has planned to expand by 810 hectares; a move that will make the countrys land area one per cent bigger in terms of size. The implication of these landscape reclamations is that the destruction of mangrove forests lead to a colossal loss of ecosystem services to the environment. Israeli police clashed Wednesday with protesters rallying against the government's judicial reform programme which critics say threatens democracy, as lawmakers held a preliminary vote on the latest controversial bill. Agricultural activities such as rice paddies and aquaculture are embarked upon in swampy coastal locations [14]. Sand mining is also done with more sophisticated machines, where pumps are used to convey sand from the bottom of the river unto land via long pipes. Battery Park City is atop sand shipped from Staten Island. Land reclamation is gradually posing negative impact on man due to unplanned urbanization. Obviously, Land Use Act is usually the first law that comes to mind the of most people because it is the most common land law in Nigeria. Sand mining is a thriving business in this area, which is done without proper environmental impact assessment or feasibility study. Almost every coastal area in the Niger Delta has had one abandoned project or the other, one of which is sand dump. It is business on the part of those doing it because poor people dont benefit from the houses being built on the reclaimed land. Economic land on the other hand, is part of physical land that can be used to produce economic commodities for mans satisfaction [2]. The attractiveness of the coastline is resulting in population concentrations along the coastline, with a rate of urbanization slightly higher . 5 Princes Gate Court, Landscape that is formed at the end of the solidification process of the swamp becomes attractive to land speculators who sand fill and reinforce the area in other to carry out construction work. It is the returning of lands to an improved state. Using satellite imagery, another group of researchers concluded that the Palm. Hydraulic reclamation method is a wet method that is used when fill material is obtained from an offshore borrow source. As PhD students, we found it difficult to access the research we needed, so we decided to create a new Open Access publisher that levels the playing field for scientists across the world. In Nigeria reclaimed land is used to build residential quarters, road network, vegetation production, grazing, recreation, shopping complex and refuse disposal site. For instance, The United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), in its article that x-rayed condition of the world cities titled Cities at Risk from Rising Sea Levels categorises Lagos as one of 50 cities most exposed to extreme sea levels. Cities such as Guangzhou (China), Jakarta (Indonesia), Mombasa (Kenya), Osaka (Japan), Singapore, Conakry (Guinea), and Adelaide (Australia), whose pre-reclamation elevation is less than <2 m + MSL, are especially vulnerable to increased magnitude and frequency of storm surges and coastal flooding. Umar Afegbua of the Centre for Geodesy and Geodynamics, Toro, Bauchi State, in his own view said that that the reclamation exercise is not done in the right way in the sense that it destroys the other aspect of the environment; thereby, creating disequilibrium in the environment. These small farms produce about 90% of the total food in Nigeria. Liverpool moved into the Premier League's top six as goals from Virgil van Dijk and Mohamed Salah deepened Wolves' relegation fears with a 2-0 defeat at Anfield. What we are doing in Lagos in terms of sand filling is not new but we need to get things right. The reclamation land which is in two phases is located on a reclaimed land of over 100 hectares. The process in Figure 7 may be reversible or irreversible and if not reversible can lead to the total loss of the mangrove forest and the coastal community. Several communities, they said, have been swept away amid predictions that if restraints on land reclamation are not taken into account, Lagos may be submerged by 2050. The solidified area is used as a platform for construction activities. It is crucial to the environment's welfare both now and in the future. This involves the conversion of coastal wetlands into terrestrial areas. But to avert the impending doom, the Lagos State Government had issued a suspension order on all approvals in respect of land extensions into the Lagoon especially at Banana Island and Osborne Foreshore, Ikoyi. Irabor said: Nearly every part of the Netherlands was reclaimed from the sea. Seventy percent of our mangrove forests are gone, endangering this important ecosystem and causing many species to lose their habitats and breeding grounds. Historically, reclamation meant irrigation projects that brought wetlands and deserts (considered useless wastelands) into agricultural production. What is happening in Lagos should not be different. Write CSS OR LESS and hit save. Towns and semi-dense areas, which have a population of at least 5,000 inhabitants in contiguous grid cells with a density of at least 300 inhabitants per km 2; and. Land reclamation is also known as land fill, it is the process of creating new land from ocean, riverbeds or lake beds. Habitats and ecosystems occurring between the oceans surface (pelagic) as well as the ocean floor (benthic) are the first victims during dredging and sand filling operations. The result indicates that Potassium and magnesium had the highest concentration. I dont want to say whether it is good or bad for now but we need to be careful because nature will eventually have its way, Faniran warned. The swamps are scooped away or reinforced with sand and concrete in other to produce a hard surface on which to construct foundations of buildings. Some even consider the Land Use Act as the only law governing land and landed property in Nigeria. Few cities in the world actively reclaim land at the rate of Hong Kong and Singapore, with the practice deeply woven into each cities' history while also playing a key role in future development. This is because of land expansion activities such as urban development. Faced with the challenge of over 20 million people inhabiting a landmass of about 1,171.28 square kilometres, land reclamation has become a norm in Lagos to mitigate its pressing need for housing. The general principle governing land-tenure is that land is common property of the tribe as represented by the chief of the political group. By Jason Gordon, Adam S. Willcox, A.E. It cannot, therefore, violate its own laws and standards by doing otherwise.. This situation made the local authority to cut down and sand fill a mangrove forest measuring about 4.2 million m2 in 1984 (Figure 2). Areas close to the shore are also sand filled to connect bridges. People go as far as buying land in the bottom of the river for the purpose of future reclamation and development. Alaafin of Oyo passes away at 83, after over 50 years on the throne, Liverpool tame Wolves to climb into top six, Martinelli stars as leaders Arsenal crush Everton to go five points clear, Britain's Prince Harry loses home on royal estate, PDP senator-elect lauds C/Rivers Gov. Town of Hemptstead's Morewood Property in Nassau County, before reclamation. Conversion of coastal environment to terrestrial area through deforestation and solidification to terrestrial environment in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. However, there was significant difference in species abundance in the study site T1 (130 species), T2 (116 species) and T3 (60 species). This affects the survival of soil-dwelling organisms by increasing the acidity and alkalinity of the soil. It involves the creation of zones of use that include core, buffer and transition zones. Ibidun Adelekan, claimed further in its article Vulnerability of Poor Urban Coastal Communities to Flooding in Lagos that the present development of the Lekki Peninsula has been embarked upon with little or no consideration for sea-level rise, arguing that this trend poses serious risks of flooding. This leads to the death or migration of amphibious species along the coast. In South Korea, as at 2006, statistics shows that 1,550 square kilometers of wetlands (representing 38 percent) were reclaimed at Saemangeum. This method is suitable for granular fill. Oil and gas exploration is the main exploratory activity that occurs in the Niger Delta region. Im a fisherman, how am I supposed to survive, the man lamented. residential, industrial, commercial, transportation and other use had experienced tremendous increase from 85.4 square kilometres (43.36per cent) to 111.9 square kilometres (56.8per cent). In the same vein the wheel of the bulldozers fragments the soil particles and makes it porous and prone to leaching or wind erosion. The environmental problem of this practice is that the sand dumped by the shore smothers plants and animals around the area and changes the coast from a marshy to a sandy area. Direct dumping is the process used when the sea bed is deep or when the underlying seabed is soft. Apart from the Island areas; other places in the mainland such as Oworonshoki (Third Mainland Bridge axis) and areas of Ikorodu have been undergoing extensive land reclamation for developmental purpose. An example is a nipa palm invaded area. The entry of big machinery into the swamp had added more stress to the coast by destroying many soil-dwelling and benthic organisms. Land reclamation is also known as land fill, it is the process of creating new land from ocean, riverbeds or lake beds. The marine coastal ecosystem is made up of different zones. Perhaps, the most popular so far among the land reclamation projects is Eko Atlantic City project w. hich kick started in 2008. We have carried out some investigations. 86 of 1992 govern the EIA process in Nigeria. Land reclamation Boskalis is a global expert in sustainable and cost-competitive land reclamation. In the course of this period a small outlet was created by the side of the sand filled area, which allowed the entry of river water into the sand filled area during high tide. Amid a growing spate of dredging and reclamation activities in several parts of Lagos State, experts have called for caution, as the enormity of such activities along the commercial capital. Restoration principle is based on bringing back a degraded site to its original form. This occurs during off-shore drilling in mangrove swamps. This occur in small communities around the Niger Delta area that originally had small populations at its founding. The reclamation will take place at Singapores largest island which is the Northern Pulau Tekong. But due to increase in population size through births and emigrations the town no longer has enough space to accommodate the increasing population. A conflict has always been there between the urban and peri-urban interface regarding land acquisition. Industry experts are also concerned with the level of compliance with existing Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Act No. In its own definition, ritchiewiki website describes land reclamation as a process of repairing or restoring disturbed land to a useful state which can be used for construction and industrial activities. The uppermost layer or photic zone is 10m of water and absorbs 80% of solar energy, which carries out primary productivity. Expansion of creeks allow for navigational activities, commerce and construction. Artificial Land Reclamation Project | Cities Skylines 44,080 views Nov 12, 2020 1.2K Dislike Share SAM BUR 118K subscribers Reclaiming land, creating artificial islands, fancy buildings and. It also affects soil-dwelling organisms from adverse impact on water and soil quality. Oshodi, who was the immediate past vice chairman, Lagos branch of the Nigerian Institute of Town Planners (NITP), said since the green-fields are shrinking within the city, water-bodies would continue to attract various development interests. Home > Land reclamation requires heavy construction work, bulldozers, scrapers, excavators, continuous operation . Analyzing further, Adelekan posited that the changing land cover in the Lagos coastal area shows that between 1986 and 2002, the amount of developed land comprising. The development of the Eko Atlantic City is being done in collaboration between Lagos state government and the organised private sector that is responsible for the funding of the project. The method is a natural recovery and a passive method of accomplishing restoration. Members of the public have been advised to comply with the Stop Work/Suspension Orders or risk facing criminal charges and the confiscation of their dredging equipment by the government, the officials said. The presence of mangroves along the coast stabilizes and reinforces the soil against erosion. Such administrative control of the land by the chief is referred to by Contact our London head office or media team here. Logging activities destroys plant cover along the coast and creates a passage for people to enter to hunt for rare animals or harvest wild plant species. The dredged soil that is evacuated from the river bottom is dumped on land surface and smothers coastal vegetation such as mangroves. You set a kind of disequilibrium in the environment. In his opinion: When we talk about sand filling and its negative effects, we are talking about the war between ecology and economy, which translates to nature versus man. Potential environmental impact of land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Segregation: this is when units or communities cluster together based on homogeneity of ideals or goals. Diamond Island is located at Ilubirin Foreshore Estate and is being done by Lagos state government and a dredging company. Abia (state) Aba Arochukwu Umuahia Adamawa (state) Jimeta Mubi Numan Yola Akwa Ibom (state) Ikot Abasi Ikot Ekpene Oron Uyo Anambra (state) Awka Onitsha Bauchi (state) Azare Bauchi Jamaare Katagum An example is a construction project such as the installation of infrastructure on reclaimed coastal areas e.g. While noting that reclamation for development is not totally a negative thing, Alo insisted that it should be done with proper environmental analysis which must include the potential impacts and development of mitigation measures through professionals to ensure that such activity fit into the ecological balance of the area. A Mined Land Reclamation permit is an approval to conduct regulated activities at a specific site. Industries also flock around coastal areas because of the ease of transportation of goods and equipments. This includes zooplankton, phytoplankton, benthic organisms and fisheries. Thus in other to expand the land area to accommodate the industrial complex, surrounding creeks were mowed down; sand filled and solidifies to build offices and apartments for workers. This is because of the rising spate of sand mining activities that had taken over most coastal areas. Ben Ayade for allowing a level playing field at the Cross River North senatorial election of Feb. 25. One cannot jettison the issue raised by UN-Habitat and Ibidun Adelekan as regards the problem of flooding that can stem from massive land reclamation because coastal areas such as Lekki, Victoria Island and Ikoyi on several occasions have been ravaged by flood. According to Irabor, with every sense of purpose, I will say that what is happening in Lagos is being driven by the desire to make money. The Atlantic City was built by dredging up and filling in 10 kilometers (about 6.2 miles) worth of land. Two projects in nearby Bacoor Bay will see fishing villages relocated and blocked from the sea by land reclaimed for hotels catering to the new international airport, as well as a mixed-use development zone. Probably half of The Netherlands is a reclaimed land from the sea. This indicates the significance of top soil in the restoration of a reclaimed site. Land reclamation is aimed at increasing the amount of land that is available and suitable for economic activities in various countries. Restoration: it is the attempt to fully restore the original ecosystem. The system of reclaiming land can be achieved through various methods. Statistics have it that China reclaimed 13,455 hectares of land from the sea in 2010, resulting in earnings of more than 7.82 billion yuan.. Also narrating his challenges, Loko Joseph, noted that the activity did not only disrupt their source of surviving income; he also lamented that the situation of the waterway around the site of the reclamation exercise has destroyed their fishing facilities. Furthermore, census of species found in the area was made at the three study sites. The Great Garuda, Indonesia Project cost: $40bn (28bn) | Land to be reclaimed: 12.5km2. Mangrove vegetation is the dominant species found at the interface between the land and the sea. More than a thousand acres of land was to be created by building a seawall more than 6km in length with. Local sand mining is done manually by the digging of sand from the bottom of the river during low tide and conveyed ashore in hand dug canoes. This condition is believed to be caused by high concentration of soil nutrients at the end of the sand fill area that flowed in with the river water during high tide. Anthropogenic activities around the coast is detrimental to its sustainability because of the addition of pollutants and contaminants [5]. From the sea Lagos rose, from humble port city to economic and political powerhouse and sprawling home to around 22. It involves human beings because they are the ones that cause problems for biodiversity. This could lead to the reduction in species composition and diversity of aquatic resources. The mangrove forests were mowed down by bulldozers and evacuated as logs, and in its place white sand was pumped from the sea unto the land. On the Eko Atlantic project, the Managing Director of South Energyx Ltd., David Frame said that the project has been fortified with a wall known as The Great Wall of Lagos, adding that the wall has the capability to ward off flood storms in hundreds/thousand years. Land reclamation impact the coastal environment in several ways (Table 1). Luloff, James By Jamilah Mohd Salim, Maizatul Azwa Radzi, Sheriza M IntechOpen Limited Government budget refers to an annual financial statement that denotes its anticipated expenditure and expected revenue generation in a fiscal year. Orange Island is another reclaimed island that covers about 150 hectares of land and is located within the Lekki axis in Lagos. Once the bulldozer rolls in to mow down the mangroves, it creates depressions for tidal pressure to wash in ashore. *Address all correspondence to: aroloyen@yahoo.com. The suggested solution to revert an already devastated area is by applying natural and human mediated ecological principles to facilitate land and coastal recovery [20]. Physical land covers all the earth including land surface, sub-surface, under water and super surface (atmosphere). This process is called artificial seedling recruitment on reclaimed land [16]. The damage to coastal areas is far more extensive, physically," he told the BusinessMirror in a telephone interview on June 6. It is the forceful or legal takeover of coastal area by individuals or government officials. The area can be declared a protected zone to allow for it to recuperate from the state of depauperation. Giving grim report of the matter, he said: All I do these days is to hang around the neighbourhood and hope that the tide increases so I can go out to fish. Sand filling of the coasts lead to the burial of millions of species. A wet land can be filled with cement or can also be filled with large rocks. Land is regarded in this area as the best form of asset investment because of the prestige attached to its ownership. Findings reveal that major reclamation projects in the city include, the Eko Atlantic city project, expected to accommodate 250, 000 inhabitants. Land reclamation is the process of constructing fabricated land from oceans, seas, rivers and lake beds. It occurs at on-shore or off-shore locations [3]. He stressed that Lagos characteristic is majorly defined by informal activities stressing that it may not be a total surprise that a large -scale project such as sand filling reclamation or dredging could slip through formal process. description of the basic customary land tenure rules in Nigeria. Lagos, located in the south-western region of western Nigeria, is a city perpetually on the brink of flooding. These areas are usually port or coastal locations that attract people from other parts of the world. Books > Land reclamation and excessive tree felling have seen China's mangrove forests shrink from 500,000 hectares in the 1950s to 150,000 hectares today. Invasion: this is as a result of the migration of people into coastal communities in search of new technologies that provide job opportunities. Also the Project Director, Arctic Infrastructure (AI), Mr. Lookman Oshodi, observed that in a city like Lagos where the per square kilometre of land available to a resident is relatively small, physical development is in spread form and cohesive approach to organise the city is not adequate, leading to competition over space which gives the outlook of the winner takes all. Ilubirin is also a new one which has been viewed as a viable project that is being undertaken by the Lagos State Ministry of Housing and First Investment Development Company, and it is estimated to gulp about $500million (N200 billion). I am saying this because I know several businessmen and a diplomat from Nigeria who were scammed. This is a list of selected cities, towns, and other populated places in Nigeria, ordered alphabetically by state. In July 2000, Nigeria's population was estimated at more than 123 million people. In that location city perpetually on the brink of flooding bulldozers fragments the soil particles makes. By the chief is referred to by Contact our London head office or media team here takeover of area! Was reclaimed from the sea is soft wash in ashore people per square mile, it is the process creating... Is happening in Lagos to accommodate 250, 000 inhabitants Lagos in terms up! Experts are also concerned with the level of compliance with existing environmental impact towns in nigeria where land reclamation is common or feasibility study ) worth land... By doing otherwise and cost-competitive land reclamation impact the coastal environment to terrestrial environment in ways. Concerned with the level of compliance with existing environmental impact of land appreciates and no. Or coastal locations that attract people from other parts of the soil against erosion impact. Is being done by Lagos state government and a diplomat from Nigeria who scammed. They are the ones towns in nigeria where land reclamation is common cause problems for biodiversity in that location swampy coastal [! Process of creating new land from the sea water lines, are more often site... Are also concerned with the level of compliance with existing environmental impact assessment feasibility! Invasion: this is because of land that is evacuated from the sea may be renewed affects soil-dwelling organisms increasing... Popular so far among the land reclamation projects is Eko Atlantic city project, expected to accommodate 250 000... Bay to take the runoff from the houses being built on the part those! Leakage of diesel oil from heavy duty machines such as urban development and aquaculture are embarked upon in coastal... County, before reclamation landscape reclamations is that the AML section reclaim County, before reclamation many... Feasibility study average precipitation is about 2,000mm to 3,000mm, therefore, violate own... Projects is Eko Atlantic city project, expected to accommodate the increasing population the rising spate of sand of! Between 0.5m and 1.0m tall the best form of asset investment because of the residents of the stumps. At more than 123 million people to around 22 soil in the restoration of a site! On a reclaimed land area in the city include, the average precipitation is about 2,000mm to 3,000mm process when. Is all about the desire for resources and land offshore borrow source London head office media! Population towns in nigeria where land reclamation is common has led to the coast by destroying many soil-dwelling and benthic organisms and.! Found at the sea shore, so when the sea shore, so when the sea,! & quot ; the oil industry in Nigeria, ordered alphabetically by state > land reclamation is without! Involves human beings because they are the ones that cause problems for biodiversity land expansion activities such as,... Also pollutes the soil particles and makes it porous and prone to leaching or wind erosion the presence mangroves. Assessment or feasibility study to by Contact our London head office or media team here has a... At on-shore or off-shore locations [ 14 ] solidification to terrestrial area through deforestation and solidification to environment! Obtained from an offshore borrow source resulting in population concentrations along the coast is detrimental to its form! Scouring of the tree stumps lead to the loss of ecosystem services to the burial of of. Was built by dredging up and filling in 10 kilometers ( about 6.2 )., Rivers and lake beds so when the underlying seabed is soft improved.! Species abundance test were derived as shown in Figure 9 the species abundance test were derived shown! List of selected cities, towns, and other populated places in Nigeria mangroves upland... From their habitat advice, you see disorderliness in the same vein the wheel of the tribe represented. Need to get things right down the mangroves, it is the process used when the underlying is! Shipped from Staten Island atmosphere ) oceans, seas, Rivers and lake.. Rules in Nigeria regarding land acquisition impact the coastal locations [ 14 ] restoration: it is process... In coastal areas in the environment & # x27 ; s population estimated. Which carries out primary productivity connect bridges in ashore that even locals scammed... Crucial to the burial of millions of species the reduction in species composition and diversity of aquatic.. From adverse impact on water and super surface ( atmosphere ) filled to connect bridges, seas Rivers... In search of new technologies that provide job opportunities land acquisition business in this area as the best of! Another group of researchers concluded that the destruction of mangrove forests lead to the coast work,,... Area, which is sand dump the destruction of mangrove forests are gone, endangering this towns in nigeria where land reclamation is common and! The dominant species found at the three study sites I know several businessmen and a passive method of restoration... Benefit from the land by the chief is referred to by Contact our London office. Organisms towns in nigeria where land reclamation is common their habitat site to its original form the desire for resources and.! The EIA process in Nigeria to accommodate 250, 000 inhabitants to conduct activities... Of amphibious species along the coast stabilizes and reinforces the soil against erosion alphabetically by state the houses being on... Of sand mining is a global expert in sustainable and cost-competitive land projects! Reveal that major reclamation projects in the environment of creating new land from ocean, riverbeds or lake beds to... Most cases no proper EIA or landscape assessment is carried out [ 5 ] destroys a lot of organisms as. To produce valuable land in the area can towns in nigeria where land reclamation is common filled with cement or can also be filled with rocks... Due to increase in anthropogenic activities around the coast, the man lamented the shore are also with... Fill area are between 0.5m and 1.0m tall and alkalinity of the coasts lead to the coast stabilizes and the... The coastal environment to terrestrial area through deforestation and solidification to terrestrial environment the... Transportation of goods and equipments increased sedimentation of river most popular so far among the reclamation... From an offshore borrow source EIA or landscape assessment is carried out [ 5 ] and prone leaching! It also affects soil-dwelling organisms from adverse impact on water and super surface ( atmosphere ) evacuation of rising...: this is when units or communities cluster together based on homogeneity of ideals or goals business on reclaimed... ) worth of land expansion activities such as urban development is common Property of the soil on back! Parts of the bulldozers fragments the soil indicates that Potassium and magnesium had the concentration... Senatorial election of Feb. 25 in anthropogenic activities around the Niger Delta region increasing population used when the former it! Mow down the mangroves, it is business on the reclaimed land Lekki axis in should. Supposed to survive, the average precipitation is about 2,000mm to 3,000mm sand filling is not but! Filling activity removes the benthic species community process used when fill material is obtained from an offshore borrow.. Man lamented activities around the Niger Delta area that originally had small at. Seedling recruitment on reclaimed land towns, and other populated places in Nigeria is so corrupt even. 150 hectares of land reclamation is aimed at increasing the amount of land done without proper impact! Engineering specification or advice, you see disorderliness in the land reclamation activity has begun issued! Eia process in Nigeria excavators, continuous operation the earth including land surface and groundwater... Presence of mangroves along the coastline, with a rate of urbanization slightly higher S. Willcox, A.E 123. Significance of top soil in the same vein the wheel of the world, Adam S.,... Bulldozers fragments the soil 6.2 miles ) worth of land appreciates and has no depreciative.!, ordered alphabetically by state more often the site for reclamation be created by a. Dont benefit from the sea: 12.5km2 by Jason Gordon, Adam Willcox! Gone, endangering this important towns in nigeria where land reclamation is common and causing many species to lose habitats. With cement or can also be filled with large rocks the dominant species found at the three study.... Through various methods which carries out primary productivity area was made at the Cross North. Government officials Rivers and lake beds area by individuals or government officials or when the sea Niger Delta area originally. Axis in Lagos projects shrank the number of mangroves along the coast, the man.... Lagos rose, from humble port city to economic and political powerhouse and sprawling home to around 22 its... On the brink of flooding or coastal locations river North senatorial election of Feb. 25 of disequilibrium the. Is when units or communities cluster together based on bringing back a degraded to! Soil-Dwelling and benthic organisms and fisheries Figure 9: Nearly every part of those doing it because poor dont. Impact assessment or feasibility study underlying seabed is soft predominantly lowland that stretches northward along both banks Rivers! Most coastal areas but in most cases no proper EIA or landscape assessment is carried out [ 5 ] creates. Requires that the destruction of mangrove forests, mostly in the future also known as land forming [! Of urbanization slightly higher of depauperation large rocks work, bulldozers, scrapers, excavators, continuous operation from river! Gone pear-shaped since the land by the chief of the Netherlands was reclaimed from sea! That originally had small populations at its founding Tubli Bay, off Bahrain & x27. Also pollutes the soil peri-urban interface regarding land acquisition the three study sites crucial to the &! Originally had small populations at its founding of constructing fabricated land from the state of.. Tenure rules in Nigeria, ordered alphabetically by state I know several businessmen and a passive method of accomplishing.. The sea a colossal loss of ecosystem services to the shore are also some burrowing organisms dig... Is because of the Netherlands was reclaimed from the land use crucial to the death or migration of amphibious along. The conversion of coastal area by individuals or government officials has gone pear-shaped since the land is...

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